Cotton bollworm

The scientific name is Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) Lepidoptera, Gacidae. Synonyms are Platyedra gossypiella, Depressaria gossypiella. Widely distributed, except for Xinjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, and Ningxia, which have not yet been discovered in China, all other cotton producing areas have occurred. In addition to foreign countries such as Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, the former Soviet Union and other countries around the world, cotton-producing countries.

The host has 8 families and 77 species of plants such as mung bean, kenaf, hollyhock, jute, and flax, in addition to cotton and other malvaceous cotton.

The larvae harmed cotton buds, flowers, bells, and cottonseeds, which caused flowering, falling buds, falling bells, or rotten bells and frozen bells. The red bollworm is a nuisance bud. The upper part of the bud has a bore hole. The bore hole is very small, like a needle-like dark brown color. There is no insect feces outside the bud, and there are green fine crumb-like faeces in the bud. The bud can't open and fall off after eating. Da Lei generally does not fall off, the flower opening is not normal, stunting, corolla short. The red bollworm is a bell. There is a hole in the lower part of the bell or at the joint of the bell-room or on the top of the bell. The hole is like a victim bud, dark brown, and the emergence hole is 2.5mm. There are no insects inside and outside the bell. On the inner wall of the shell, there are brown-to-water cyanotic insects and sesame size tumors. Injury to cottonseed, eating insects in the cottonseed, small bells fall off, large bells often rot when the rain for a long time, v when the rain is scarce petal flowers, sometimes two pieces of cotton seeds were affixed together, called double seeds.
Morphological characteristics Adult body length 5-6.5mm, wingspan 12-20mm, brown-black, head, forehead light brown. The lips must be light brown with dark brown sickle-shaped spots, the second section of scales is long, the third section is curved, and the tip is pointed. The tentacles are gray-brown in color, except for the base section, the ends of the sections are dark brown, and the base section is composed of 5-6 black bristles. Chest-backed gray-brown, with rims, shoulders, brown, hairless. The fins are bamboo leaf-shaped, dark gray-brown, with black horizontal stripes on the submarginal line, lateral horizontal line, and midline, and three black spots near the base of the wing. The hind wings resembled a kitchen knife, with a slightly concave outer edge, gray-brown, and long hair. Male moths have l wings and 3 female moths. Egg oval, length 0.4-0.6mm, width 0.2-0.32nm, the surface with a reticular pattern. The last-instar larvae are 11-13mm in length with a light reddish-brown head and a black upper eyelid. The chest plate is small and divided into two pieces from the middle. Body flesh is white, hair is light black and surrounded by red patches. Gastric toe hooks monosequence, lateral loop. Larvae are 4 instar. The cockroach is 6-9mm long, 2.5mm wide, light reddish-brown, with a pointed tip, short thorns at the end, and upwardly curved hooks.

Life habits are 2-7 years old in China, 2-3 generations in the Yellow River Basin, and 3-4 generations in the Yangtze River Basin. The larvae can survive over winter as the cotton is stored, processed and climbed to the gaps in the roof, etc., and can also survive winter in cottonseeds and dry bells. In early May, the wintering larvae in Anhui began to phlegm and the eclosion time lasted for more than 2 months. The egg generation period of each generation in the Yangtze River Valley is in late June, early August, and late August. In the autumn, when temperatures are high, incomplete generations can occur. Adults lurked during the day and spawned at night for spawning. The first generation was prolific in tender heads or young leaves. The second generation was prolific in the lower Qingling respectable tablets, and the third generation was prolific in the upper middle part of Qingling. Adults have a tendency toward black light, and flying power is not strong. Newly-incubated larvae enter the buds through l and 2 hours, and each larvae can damage 2-3 bell chambers and 2-7 cottonseeds. High temperature and humidity breeding, the temperature of 20 to 35 °C, relative humidity of more than 80% suitable for growth and development, the Yangtze River Basin climate conditions are appropriate to occur. Too many years of rainfall are adverse to their reproduction. There are more than 60 natural enemies of pink bollworms, such as the Australian Trichogramma, gold wasp, dragonfly bee, ichneumon, grass ling, florets and so on.

Control methods (1) Overwintering prevention and control 1 The sun-winning cotton is disinfested. When the flowers were piled, the upper cover was covered with sacks, and the larvae crawled under the cover. The next day, they were whisked before the flowers were dried. Use curtains to dry flowers and dig trenches around the field to apply pesticides. 2 Exterminators in the cotton warehouse. Before the flower collection, slits were placed in the warehouse, and medicines were placed on the wall. The eclosion period of adults sprays 80% of dichlorvos 800-900 times, every 3 to 4 days. Can also be installed 3W black light trap adult. During the month of August, the black bees (the golden wasp) were released in the warehouse at 30 to 50 per cubic meter. (2) The agricultural control measures the removal of dry bells before jointing; oilseeds are required to be finished before the end of May each year, and the cotton slag is processed in time. Cotton stalks must be burned before the end of May. Seeds are soaked in warm soup. (3) Chemical control of the second generation of red bollworms in the Yangtze River Basin. Spraying 50% of monocrotophos, 2.5% Uranus EC, 44% Cascade EC, and 43% of New Brunswick 1500 in adult fecundity. Doubler fluid (Beijing Shunyi Pesticide Factory), 40% omethoate EC 1500 times or 42% Trikage per 667m280ml, 32.8% Baodiandan per 667m280ml, 2.5% deltamethrin buttermilk 3000 times For every 667m2 with good liquid 50-75L. After the cotton ridges, dichlorvos can be used to kill moths. 667m2 of 80% dichlorvos EC 150ml water 20kg mixed fine soil 20 to 25kg scattered in the evening, the second and third generations of moth prosper every 3-4 days.